Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii In Local and Imported Red Meat and Meat Products in Al-Diwaniyah City Markets, Iraq
Abstract
Background: Toxoplasmosis is a prevalent parasitic disease that affects both humans and many domestic animals and causes abortion and death of fetuses and neonates. It results from infection with Toxoplasma gondii.
Methods: During this study, 300 samples (150 local and 150 imported meat and product samples like steak, minced meat, sausages, burgers, and livers) were examined by microscopy on digested tissue juice prepared from the peptic digestion technique and molecularly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The objective was to detect Toxoplasma gondii infection through the B1 gene, which is of amplicon length 469 bp.
Results: The results of local meat examined through microscope and PCR technique showed that samples taken from steak meat gave the highest positive infection (22%), Minced meat (20%), burgers (12%), and liver 8%, while the lowest percentage of positive infection was in sausages; it was only one positive sample (4%). The total infection rate was 14.66% and the results did not show any significant differences in infection at infection probability (P > 0.05). Imported meat showed only 7 positive samples (4.66%).
Conclusion: The higher prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in local fresh meat and meat products makes them more harmful to human health than imported meat, whereas freezing, salting, and other processes make imported meat products less contaminated than fresh meat. Based on genetic tree analysis and genotyping, the Indian strain of the parasite registered in the NCBI gene bank under the accession number DQ872518.1 is prevalent in both imported and local meat in Iraq, with a molecular similarity ranging with local strains from 99.60% to 99.96%.
Keywords: Toxoplasmosis, Meat Products, B1 gene
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62940/als.v12i3.2036
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