Anticancer Activity of Aqueous and Chloroform Extract of Spirulina platensis against SK-GT-4 human cancer cells
Abstract
Background: Algal derived natural products proved very encouraging in cancer therapy, especially in overwhelming the proliferation and metastasis. Against global health issue that cancer represents, and the side-effects that in so many cases are a feature of established treatments, increasing attention falls on alternative treatments. Deploying bioactive agents from the natural world like these aids efforts to look beyond the traditional drug-based approach.
Methods: The cytotoxicity of Spirulina platensis extracts was assessed by MTT assay. Target cells were incubated with different extract concentrations for 72 hours under standard conditions (37 °C, 5 % CO₂). The bioactive components present in these extracts were assessed using GC-MS analysis.
Results: Chloroform extract and aqueous extract obtained from Spirulina platensis had cytotoxic activity against SK-GT-4; .cytotoxicity of the extracts increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The esophageal cancer SK-GT-4 cell line was more sensitive to extracts than in normal HBL100 cell line. An experiment that made use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) discovered that an extract of the plant in its aqueous form had a total of 35 bioactive chemicals, whilst an extract of the plant in its chloroform form included a total of 84 bioactive phytochemical components.
Conclusion: The findings of this study make it abundantly evident that Spirulina platensis, despite the fact that it is a natural product, has the potential to be further developed as an anticancer medicine.
Keywords: Anticancer, SK-GT-4 cell line, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Spirulina platensis
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62940/als.v12i3.2440
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