Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of a lichen used as a spice (Platismatia glauca)

Emad M. Abdallah

Abstract


Background: Lichen is a complex symbiotic relationship arose from algae or cyanobacteria that live together with some fungal species. Some of them are edible and consumed as spice such asPlatismatia glauca. The current study aimed to evaluate it’s the antimicrobial properties of the methanolic extract of lichen thalli of P. glauca against some referenced bacterial and yeast strains.

Methods: Disc diffusion test, minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (MBC) or minimum fungicidal (MFC) tests were carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of lichen.

Results: All tested microorganisms exhibited varying degrees of susceptibility. Among the tested strains, the most susceptible bacterium -using the disc diffusion assay- was Staphylococcus saprophyticus (18.5±1.0 mm), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (14.5±0.5 mm), Shigella flexneri(12.5±1.5 mm), Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.0±1.0 mm), Proteus vulgaris (11.5±0.5 mm),Salmonella Typhimurium (11.5±0.5 mm), Bacillus cereus (11.0±1.0 mm) and Escherichia coli(11.0±0.0 mm), respectively. It also showed high antifungal activity against Candida albicans(22.5±0.5 mm).  The MIC, MBC and MFC were promising, which were as low as 3.125 to 12.5 mg/ml for MIC and 6.25 to 12.5 mg/ml for MBC and MFC.

Conclusion: From the obtained results, it is concluded that the lichen thalli of Platismatia glaucapossesses a remarkable antimicrobial activity and it may be considered as a source of potential antimicrobial agents.


Keywords: Antibacterial, Antifungal, Lichen, Platismatia glauca


Full Text:

PDF

References


Mol ML, Snoeck N, Maeseneire SL, Soetaert WK. Hidden antibiotics: Where to uncover?. Biotechnology Advances, (2018); 36(8): 2201-2218.

Gyawali R, Ibrahim SA. Natural products as antimicrobial agents. Food Control, (2014); 46: 412-429.

Škrinjar MM, Nemet NT. Antimicrobial effects of spices and herbs essential oils. Acta period Techno, (2009); 40: 195-209.

Padhi S, Tayung K. In vitro antimicrobial potentials of endolichenic fungi isolated from thalli of Parmelia lichen against some human pathogens. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, (2015); 4: 299-306.

Mitrović T, Stamenković S, Cvetković V, Nikolić M, Tošić S, Stojičić D. Lichens as source of versatile bioactive compounds. Biologica Nyssana, (2011); 2(1): 1-6.

Gomez-Serranillos MP, Fernandez-Moriano C, Gonzalez-Burgos E, Pradeep Kumar Divakar PK, Crespo A. Parmeliaceae family: phytochemistry, pharmacological potential and phylogenetic features. RSC Advances, (2014); 4: 59017-59047.

Smith CW, Aptroot A, Coppins BJ, Fletcher A, Gilbert OL, James PW, Wolseley PA. The lichen of Great Britain and Ireland. 2nd Edn. (2009). British Lichen Society, UK.

Karaman I, Sahin F, Güllüce M, Ögütçü H, ¸Sengül M, Adıgüzel A. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, (2003); 85: 231-235.

Abdallah EM, Qureshi KA, Ali AMH, Elhassan GO. Evaluation of some biological properties ofSaussurea costus crude root extract. Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communication, (2017); 10(4): 601-611.

Philip K, Malek SNA, Sani W, Shin SK, Kumar S, Lai HS, Serm LG, Rahman SNSA. Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants from Malaysia. American Journal of Appllied Sciences, (2009); 6: 1047-1058.

Calderone RA, Fonzi WA. Virulence factors of Candida albicans. Trends in Microbiology, (2001); 9(7):327-335.

Mitrović T, Stamenković S, Cvetković V, Radulović N, Mladenović M, Stanković M, Topuzović M, Radojević I, Stefanović O, Vasić S, Čomić L. Platismatia glauca and Pseudevernia furfuracea lichens as sources of antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. EXCLI Journal, (2014); 13: 938-953.

Gulluce M, Aslan A, Sokmen M, Sahin F, Adiguzel A, Agar G, Sokmen A. Screening the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Parmelia saxatilis, Platismatia glauca,Ramalina pollinaria, Ramalina polymorpha and Umbilicaria nylanderiana. Phytomedicine, (2006);13: 515–521.

Sweidana A, Chollet-Krugler M, Sauvager A, Weghe P, Chokrc A, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Tomasi S, Bousarghin L. Antibacterial activities of natural lichen compounds against Streptococcus gordonii and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Fitoterapia, (2017); 121: 164–169.

Raz R, Colodner R, Kunin CM. Who Are You—Staphylococcus saprophyticus?. Clinical Infectious Diseases, (2005); 40(6): 896–898.

Djeussi DE, Noumedem JA, Seukep JA, Fankam AG, Voukeng IK, Tankeo SB, Nkuete AH, Kuete V. Antibacterial activities of selected edible plants extract against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, (2013); 13: 164.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.