Tolerance of Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Genotypes to Drought Stress at Vegetative Stage
Abstract
Background: Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is an important medicinal and fiber plant in Sudan. Among other stresses, drought extremely limits the growth, quality and net yield of the crop. The drought effects the crop plants by imposing certain morphological, physiological and biochemical changes at different periods of growth.
Methods: Current study was carried out in greenhouse settings at Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB) to investigate the effects of drought stress. Five (5) different genotypes of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L., namely Baladimostadir (H1), Um shiak (H2), Abu shankal (H3), Rahad mix (H4) and Abu Najma (H5) were studied. Thirty (30) days old Roselle seedlings were drought stressed for 10 days and its implications on plant growth, gas exchange, water relation, chlorophyll content and proline accumulation were estimated. Substantial genotypic differences in their adaptive response to drought were observed.
Results: Drought stress significantly affected the plant height; lowered the relative gas exchange efficiency and altered the physiological and biochemical responses. In comparison with others, H2 and H4 genotypes tolerated the osmotic stress well with lower osmotic potential and higher osmotic adjustment, better water content, higher stomatal conductance, photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content. Accumulation of osmoprotectant and gas exchange indicators clearly distinguished the responses of different genotypes towards water stress.
Conclusion: Our results can be used for evaluation, screening, and manipulations of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. genotypes for improvement of drought tolerance through conventional breeding or drought responsive gene isolation.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Keshavarzi MHB, Moussavinik SM. The effect of different NaCl concentration on germination and early growth of Hibiscus sabdariffa seedling. Annals of Biological Research, (2011); 2(4): 143-149.
Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Basalah MO, Al-Whaibi MH, Sakran AM, et al. Effects of gibberellic acid on growth and photosynthetic pigments of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. under salt stress. African Journal of Biotechnology, (2012); 11(4): 800-804.
Vinocur B, Altman A. Recent advances in engineering plant tolerance to abiotic stress: achievements and
limitations. Current opinion in biotechnology, (2005); 16(2): 123-132.
Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Gene networks involved in drought stress response and tolerance. Journal of Experimental Botany, (2007); 58(2): 221-227.
Iqbal MA, Iqbal A. A Study on Dwindling Agricultural Water Availability in Irrigated Plains of Pakistan and Drip Irrigation as a Future Life Line. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, (2015); 15(2): 184-190.
Silvente S, Sobolev A, Lara M. Metabolite adjustments in drought tolerant and sensitive soybean genotypes in response to water stress. PloS One, (2012); 7(6): e38554.
Hassan S, Sarwar MB, Sadique S, Rashid B, Aftab B, et al. Growth, Physiological and Molecular Responses of Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) under NaCl Stress. American Journal of Plant Sciences, (2014); 5(5): 605-614.
Mao X, Zhang H, Tian S, Chang X, Jing R. TaSnRK2.4, an SNF1-type serine/threonine protein kinase of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), confers enhanced multistress tolerance in Arabidopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany, (2010); 61(3): 683-696.
Akram M, Ashraf M, Jamil M, Iqbal R, Nafees M, et al. Nitrogen application improves gas exchange characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence in maize hybrids under salinity conditions. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, (2011); 58(3): 394-401.
Shaheen HL, Shahbaz M. Salt-induced effects on some key morpho-physiological attributes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at various growth stages. Soil and Environment, (2012); h31(2): 125-133.
Arnon D, Whatley F. Is chloride a coenzyme of photosynthesis? Science (1949); 110(2865): 554-556.
Bates L, Waldren R, Teare I. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, (1973); 39(1): 205-207.
Munns R. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant, Cell & Environment, (2002); 25(2): 239-250.
Bajji M, Lutts S, Kinet JM. Physiological Changes after Exposure to and Recovery from Polyethylene Glycol-induced Water Deficit in Callus Cultures Issued from Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Cultivars Differing in Drought Resistance. Journal of Plant Physiology, (2000); 156: 75-83.
Mohamed FM, Azza AT. Dehydration-induced alterations in growth and osmotic potential of callus from six tepary bean lines varying in drought resistance. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, (2006); 87: 255-262.
Gupta NK, Sunita G, Arvind K. Effect of Water Stress on Physiological Attributes and their Relationship with Growth and Yield of Wheat Cultivars at Different Stages. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, (2001); 186(1): 55-62.
Dichio B, Xiloyannis C, Sofo A, Montanaro G. Osmotic regulation in leaves and roots of olive trees during a water deficit and rewatering. Tree Physiology, (2006); 26(2): 179-185.
Saito T, Terashima I . Reversible decreases in the bulk elastic modulus of mature leaves of deciduous Quercus species subjected to two drought treatments. Plant, Cell and Environment, (2004); 27(7): 863-875.
Robinson M, Very A, Sanders D. How can stomata contribute to salt tolerance? Annals of Botany, (1997); 80(4): 387-393.
Lidon Z, Cebola F. An overview on drought induced changes in plant growth, water relations and photosynthesis. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, (2012); 24(1): 57-72.
Chaves MM, Maroco JP, Pereira JS. Understanding plant responses to drought from genes to the whole plant. Functional Plant Biology, (2003); 30(3): 239-264.
Silim S, Nash R, Reynard D, White B, Schroeder W. Leaf gas exchange and water potential responses to drought in nine poplar (Populus spp.) clones with contrasting drought tolerance. Trees, (2009); 23: 959-969.
Siddique M, Hamid A, Islam M. Drought stress effects on water relations of wheat. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, (2000); 41: 35-39.
Nayyar H, Gupta D. Differential sensitivity of C3 and C4 plants to water deficit stress: Association with oxidative stress and antioxidants. Environmental and Experimental Botany, (2006); 58(1–3): 106-113.
Long S, Bernacchi C. Gas exchange measurements, what can they tell us about the underlying limitations to photosynthesis? Procedures and sources of error. Journal of Experimental Botany, (2003); 54(392): 2393-2401.
Sairam RK. Effects of homobrassinolide application on plant metabolism and grain yield under irrigated and moisture-stress conditions of two wheat varieties. Plant Growth Regulation, (1994); 14: 173-181.
Mensah J, Obadoni B, Eruotor P, Onome-Irieguna F. Simulated flooding and drought effects on germination, growth, and yield parameters of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, (2009); 5(13): 1249-1253.
Saeidi M, Zabihi-e-Mahmoodabad R. Evaluation of drought stress on relative water content and chlorophyll
content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes at early flowering stage. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, (2009); 3(3): 345-350.
Stępień P, Kłbus G. Water relations and photosynthesis in Cucumis sativus L. leaves under salt stress. Biologia Plantarum, (2006); 50610-616.
Sarwar MB, Batool F, Rashid B, Aftab B, Hassan S, et al. Integration and expression of heat shock protein gene in segregating population of transgenic cotton plant for drought tolerance. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, (2014); 51(4): 935-941.
Thameur A, Ferchichi A, López-Carbonell M. Quantification of free and conjugated abscisic acid in five genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under water stress conditions. South African Journal of Botany, (2011); 77: 222-228.
Hong-Bo S, Xiao-Yan C, Li-Ye C, Xi-Ning Z, Gang W, et al. Investigation on the relationship of proline with wheat anti-drought under soil water deficits. Colloids and surfaces B, Biointerfaces, (2006); 53(1): 113-119.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62940/als.v2i2.107
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.