Mixed Bacteriological Isolation Percentages from the Uterus of Cows Slaughtered due to Infertility

Ali Risvanli, Hakan Kalender, Tarık Safak, Burak Fatih Yüksel, Burcu Karagulle, Oznur Yılmaz, Mehmet Akif Kilinc

Abstract


Background: Intrauterine mixed infections are an important problem in cattle breeding. In this study, we aimed to determine the mixed bacteriological isolation rates from the uterus of cows with clinical metritis and to reveal the relationships between the bacteria that isolated together.

Methods: For this purpose, sterile swabs were taken from 490 uterus obtained from cattle slaughtered due to infertility in three slaughterhouses and used them to perform microbiological tests. After evaluating the data, it was determined that the bacterial isolation rate from uterus with clinical metritis was 76.14% (n = 268).

Results: The rates for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 bacteria isolated from the uterus with clinical metritis were 48.13%, 33.96%, 15.30%, 2.24%, and 0.37%, respectively. The isolation rates for Trueperella pyogenes, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Escherichia coli alone from the uterus with clinical metritis were 27.08%, 28.00%, and 16.51%, respectively. In uterus with clinical metritis, Staphylococcus aureus (16.67%) was the most commonly isolated bacteria with T. pyogenes, Clostridium spp. (16%) co-isolated with F. necrophorum, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (16.51%) and Bacillus spp. (16.51%) were detected with E. coli.

Conclusion: As a result, it was concluded that when evaluating the microbiological results for cows with clinical metritis, mixed infections should be taken into more consideration, and the characteristics of the bacteria that isolate together should be considered during the treatment of mixed infections.

Keywords: Cattle; Uterine; Isolation; infertility      


Full Text:

PDF

References


Sheldon IM, Dobson H. Postpartum uterine health in cattle. Animal reproduction science, (2004); 82295-306.

Risco CA, Youngquist RS, Shore MD. Postpartum uterine infections. Current therapy in large animal theriogenology: Elsevier. (2007); pp. 339-344.

Azawi O. Postpartum uterine infection in cattle. Animal reproduction science, (2008); 105(3-4): 187-208.

Bondurant R. Inflammation in the bovine female reproductive tract. Journal of animal science, (1999); 77(suppl_2): 101-110.

LeBlanc S, Duffield T, Leslie K, Bateman K, Keefe GP, et al. Defining and diagnosing postpartum clinical endometritis and its impact on reproductive performance in dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, (2002); 85(9): 2223-2236.

Földi J, Kulcsar M, Pecsi A, Huyghe B, De Sa C, et al. Bacterial complications of postpartum uterine involution in cattle. Animal reproduction science, (2006); 96(3-4): 265-281.

Sheldon IM, Cronin J, Goetze L, Donofrio G, Schuberth H-J. Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle. Biology of reproduction, (2009); 81(6): 1025-1032.

Adıgüzel MC, Cengiz S, Cengiz M, Hayırlı A. Pathogenic Bacteria Present in the Lochia First 10− Day Postpartum Prolongs Days Open in Dairy Cows. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, (2021); 16(1): 32-40.

Pascottini OB, Van Schyndel S, Spricigo J, Rousseau J, Weese J, et al. Dynamics of uterine microbiota in postpartum dairy cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis. Scientific reports, (2020); 10(1): 1-11.

Bicalho M, Machado V, Oikonomou G, Gilbert R, Bicalho R. Association between virulence factors of Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes and uterine diseases of dairy cows. Veterinary microbiology, (2012); 157(1-2): 125-131.

Williams EJ, Fischer DP, Pfeiffer DU, England GC, Noakes DE, et al. Clinical evaluation of postpartum vaginal mucus reflects uterine bacterial infection and the immune response in cattle. Theriogenology, (2005); 63(1): 102-117.

Werner A, Suthar V, Plöntzke J, Heuwieser W. Relationship between bacteriological findings in the second and fourth weeks postpartum and uterine infection in dairy cows considering bacteriological results. Journal of Dairy Science, (2012); 95(12): 7105-7114.

Ozgen EK, Cengiz S, Ulucan M, Okumus Z, Kortel A, et al. Isolation and identification of Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum using the polymerase chain reaction method in sheep with footrot. Acta Veterinaria Brno, (2015); 84(2): 97-104.

Senunver A, Nak Y (2012) Infertility. In: Semacan A, Kaymaz M, Fındık M, Rişvanlı A, Köker A, editors. Obstetrics and Gynecology in Farm Animals. Malatya: Medipres. pp. 409-467.

Jeon SJ, Cunha F, Vieira-Neto A, Bicalho RC, Lima S, et al. Blood as a route of transmission of uterine pathogens from the gut to the uterus in cows. Microbiome, (2017); 5(1): 1-13.

Galvão KN, Bicalho RC, Jeon SJ. Symposium review: The uterine microbiome associated with the development of uterine disease in dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, (2019); 102(12): 11786-11797.

Wang M-L, Liu M-C, Xu J, An L-G, Wang J-F, et al. Uterine microbiota of dairy cows with clinical and subclinical endometritis. Frontiers in microbiology, (2018); 92691.

Bonnett BN, Martin SW, Gannon V, Miller RB, Etherington WG. Endometrial biopsy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. III. Bacteriological analysis and correlations with histological findings. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, (1991); 55(2): 168.

Prunner I, Pothmann H, Wagener K, Giuliodori M, Huber J, et al. Dynamics of bacteriologic and cytologic changes in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology, (2014); 82(9): 1316-1322.

Dadarwal D, Palmer C, Griebel P. Mucosal immunity of the postpartum bovine genital tract. Theriogenology, (2017); 10462-71.

Karstrup CC, Klitgaard K, Jensen TK, Agerholm JS, Pedersen HG. Presence of bacteria in the endometrium and placentomes of pregnant cows. Theriogenology, (2017); 9941-47.

Moore S, Ericsson A, Poock S, Melendez P, Lucy M. Hot topic: 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals the microbiome of the virgin and pregnant bovine uterus. Journal of dairy science, (2017); 100(6): 4953-4960.

Ordell A, Unnerstad HE, Nyman A, Gustafsson H, Båge R. A longitudinal cohort study of acute puerperal metritis cases in Swedish dairy cows. Acta veterinaria Scandinavica, (2016); 58(1): 1-8.

Moges N, Regassa F, Yilma T, Unakal CG. Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria from dairy cows with clinical endometritis. Journal of Reproduction and Infertility, (2013); 4(1): 04-08.

Takamtha A, Phanaratkitti V, Adirekkiet O, Panyapornwitaya V, Boonyayatra S, et al. Prevalence of isolated bacteria from clinical endometritis uterine and antimicrobial susceptibility in postpartum dairy cows. Chiang Mai Vet J, (2013); 11(3): 237-245.

Appiah, MO, Wang J, Lu W. Microflora in the reproductive tract of cattle: a review. Agriculture, (2020); 10(6): 232.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62940/als.v9i4.1498

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.