Advancing Frontiers in Colorectal Cancer: Exploring Novel Insights and Emerging Trends in Research and Therapy
Abstract
Colorectal cancer, a known form of cancer poses a global health threat. Ongoing studies are actively investigating perspectives and evolving treatments. This review explores the developments in cancer research covering topics such as profiling, microbiome interactions, immunotherapy, precision medicine, tumor environment analysis, liquid biopsies, metabolic changes, artificial intelligence applications and patient centric care. Molecular subtyping advancements have greatly improved our understanding of the nature of cancer and how different individuals respond to therapies. The significant link between gut microbiome composition, inflammation levels and immune responses underscores the importance of interventions targeting the microbiome and innovative immunotherapy strategies. Precision medicine initiatives are leveraging biomarkers and molecular signals to inform treatment decisions and optimize outcomes. This thorough examination highlights the impact of evolving trends in cancer research and treatment strategies while offering insights into directions for improving patient care and results.
Keywords: Cancer research; Microbiome interaction; Immunotherapy; Liquid biopsy; Biomarkers
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Biller LH, Schrag DJJ. Diagnosis and treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: a review. JAMA, (2021); 325(7): 669-85.
Xi Y, Xu PJTo. Global colorectal cancer burden in 2020 and projections to 2040. Translational Oncology, (2021); 14(10):101174.
Kim JC, Bodmer WFJJocr, oncology c. Genomic landscape of colorectal carcinogenesis. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, (2022); 148 (3):533-45.
Ganesh K, Stadler ZK, Cercek A, Mendelsohn RB, Shia J, Segal NH, et al. Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: rationale, challenges and potential. (2019); 16 (6):361-75.
Rompianesi G, Pegoraro F, Ceresa CD, Montalti R, Troisi RIJWJoG. Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer liver metastases. World Journal of Gastroenterology, (2022); 28(1):108.
Zhao Q, Wang F, Chen Y-X, Chen S, Yao YC, Zeng ZL, et al. Comprehensive profiling of 1015 patients’ exomes reveals genomic-clinical associations in colorectal cancer. Nature Communication, (2022); 13(1):2342.
Nunez SKK, Young CD, Griffen TaL, Ohandjo AQ, McKinney LP, Kopetz S, et al. Identification of Gene Co-Expression Networks Associated with Consensus Molecular Subtype-1 of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers, (2021);13(22):5824.
Rejali L, Seifollahi Asl R, Sanjabi F, Fatemi N, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Saeedi Niasar M, et al. Principles of Molecular Utility for CMS Classification in Colorectal Cancer Management. Cancers, (2023); 15 (10):2746.
Hu F, Wang J, Zhang M, Wang S, Zhao L, Yang H, et al. Comprehensive analysis of subtype-specific molecular characteristics of colon cancer: Specific genes, driver genes, signaling pathways, and immunotherapy responses. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, (2021); 9:758776.
Di Franco S, Bianca P, Sardina DS, Turdo A, Gaggianesi M, Veschi V, et al. Adipose stem cell niche reprograms the colorectal cancer stem cell metastatic machinery. Nature Communication, (2021); 12(1): 5006.
Purcell RV, Schmeier S, Lau YC, Pearson JF, Frizelle FAJBc. Molecular subtyping improves prognostication of Stage 2 colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer, 2019; 19(1):1-9.
Ten Hoorn S, de Back TR, Sommeijer DW, Vermeulen LJJJotNCI. Clinical value of consensus molecular subtypes in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, (2022); 114(4):503-16.
Bittoni A, Sotte V, Meletani T, Cantini L, Giampieri R, Berardi RJJCMT. Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer treatment: actual landscape and future perspectives. Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment, (2018); 4 (55).
Al Zein M, Boukhdoud M, Shammaa H, Mouslem H, El Ayoubi LM, Iratni R, et al. Immunotherapy and immunoevasion of colorectal cancer. Drug Discovery Today, (2023):103669.
Baghy K, Ladányi A, Reszegi A, Kovalszky IJIJoMS. Insights into the Tumor Microenvironment—Components, Functions and Therapeutics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, (2023); 24 (24):17536.
Kagawa H, Hatakeyama K, Shiomi A, Hino H, Manabe S, Yamaoka Y, et al. Consensus molecular subtyping improves the clinical usefulness of canonical tumor markers for colorectal cancer. Biomedical Research, (2022); 43 (6):201-9.
Honkala A, Malhotra SV, Kummar S, Junttila MRJNRDD. Harnessing the predictive power of preclinical models for oncology drug development. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, (2022); 21(2):99-114.
Li J, Zhang A-h, Wu F-f, Wang X-jJFiO. Alterations in the gut microbiota and their metabolites in colorectal cancer: recent progress and future prospects. Frontiers in Oncology, (2022); 12: 841552.
Rath E, Haller DJMI. Intestinal epithelial cell metabolism at the interface of microbial dysbiosis and tissue injury. Mucosal Immunology, (2022); 15 (4):595-604.
Mahdavi-Roshan M, Salari A, Kheirkhah J, Ghorbani ZJH, Lung, Circulation. The effects of probiotics on inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis progression: a mechanistic overview. Heart, Lung and Circulation, (2022); 31 (5):e45-e71.
Campbell K, Cawley NX, Luke R, Scott KE, Johnson N, Farhat NY, et al. Identification of cerebral spinal fluid protein biomarkers in Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. Biomarker Research, (2023); 11(1):14.
Quaglio AEV, Grillo TG, De Oliveira ECS, Di Stasi LC, Sassaki LYJWjog. Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. World Journal of Gastroenterology, (2022);28(30):4053.
Aghamajidi A, Maleki Vareki SJC. The effect of the gut microbiota on systemic and anti-tumor immunity and response to systemic therapy against cancer. Cancers, (2022);14(15):3563.
Pandey H, Tang DW, Wong SH, Lal DJC. Gut microbiota in colorectal cancer: biological role and therapeutic opportunities. Cancers, (2023);15(3):866.
Pandey P, Khan F, Qari HA, Upadhyay TK, Alkhateeb AF, Oves MJP. Revolutionization in cancer therapeutics via targeting major immune checkpoints PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4. Pharmaceuticals, (2022); 15(3):335.
Gaikwad S, Agrawal MY, Kaushik I, Ramachandran S, Srivastava SK, editors. Immune checkpoint proteins: Signaling mechanisms and molecular interactions in cancer immunotherapy. Seminars in Cancer Biology, (2022): 86(3):137-150.
Folsom TD, Moriarity BS, Starr TK, Lou E, Webber BRJNCiCIS, Challenges. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes: Prognostic considerations and current trials as adoptive cell therapy. Elsevier, (2023):403-26.
Zheng Z, Wieder T, Mauerer B, Schäfer L, Kesselring R, Braumüller HJIJoMS. T Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Unravelling the Function of Different T Cell Subsets in the Tumor Microenvironment. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, (2023); 24(14):11673.
Andrei P, Battuello P, Grasso G, Rovera E, Tesio N, Bardelli A, editors. Integrated approaches for precision oncology in colorectal cancer: The more you know, the better. Seminars in Cancer Biology, (2022): 84:199-213.
Sud R, Mujeeb VR. Incidence of microsatellite instability, mutational burden, and actionable alterations in genes of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care, (2022); 7(1):91-100.
Kurt FGO, Lasser S, Arkhypov I, Utikal J, Umansky VJTJoCI. Enhancing immunotherapy response in melanoma: myeloid-derived suppressor cells as a therapeutic target. Journal of Clinical Investigation, (2023); 133(13):e170762.
Barnestein R, Galland L, Kalfeist L, Ghiringhelli F, Ladoire S, Limagne EJO. Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment modulation by chemotherapies and targeted therapies to enhance immunotherapy effectiveness. Oncoimmunology, (2022);11(1):2120676.
Satam H, Joshi K, Mangrolia U, Waghoo S, Zaidi G, Rawool S, et al. Next-generation sequencing technology: Current trends and advancements. Biology, 2023;12(7):997.
Manca P, Corti F, Intini R, Mazzoli G, Miceli R, Germani MM, et al. Tumour mutational burden as a biomarker in patients with mismatch repair deficient/microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. European Journal of Cancer, (2023); 187:15-24.
Li J, Hu H, Qin G, Bai F, Wu X, Ke H, et al. Biomarkers of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in mismatch repair–deficient colorectal cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, (2024); 30(2):368-78.
Chung CJJoOPP. Predictive and prognostic biomarkers with therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer: A 2021 update on current development, evidence, and recommendation. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, 2022; 28(4):850-69.
Martelli V, Pastorino A, Sobrero AFJP, Therapeutics. Prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers in advanced colorectal cancer. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, (2022):108239.
Ooi Z-S, Pang S-W, Teow S-YJTMJoP. RAS and BRAF genes as biomarkers and target for personalised colorectal cancer therapy: An update. Malaysian Journal of Pathology, (2022); 44(3):415-28.
Patelli G, Mauri G, Tosi F, Amatu A, Bencardino K, Bonazzina E, et al. Circulating tumor DNA to drive treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, (2023); 29(22):4530-9.
Pourali G, Khalili-Tanha G, Nazari E, Maftooh M, Nassiri M, Hassanian SM, et al. Circulating Tumor Cells and Cell-free Nucleic Acids as Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer. Current Pharmaceutical Design, (2023); 29(10):748-
Schwenck J, Sonanini D, Cotton JM, Rammensee H-G, la Fougère C, Zender L, et al. Advances in PET imaging of cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer, (2023); (7):474-490
Bai J-W, Qiu S-Q, Zhang G-JJST, Therapy T. Molecular and functional imaging in cancer-targeted therapy: Current applications and future directions. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, (2023); 8(1):89.
Floresta G, Abbate VJMRR. Recent progress in the imaging of c‐Met aberrant cancers with positron emission tomography. Medicinal Research Reviews, (2022); 42(4):1588-606.
Hegi-Johnson F, Rudd S, Hicks RJ, De Ruysscher D, Trapani JA, John T, et al. Imaging immunity in patients with cancer using positron emission tomography. npj Precision Oncology, (2022);6(1):24.
Zafari N, Khosravi F, Rezaee Z, Esfandyari S, Bahiraei M, Bahramy A, et al. The role of the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer and the potential therapeutic approaches. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, (2022); 36(8):e24585.
Li S, Sampson C, Liu C, Piao H-l, Liu H-XJCC, Signaling. Integrin signaling in cancer: bidirectional mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Communication and Signaling, (2023); 21(1):266.
Zhao Y, Shen M, Wu L, Yang H, Yao Y, Yang Q, et al. Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment: accomplices of tumor progression? Cell Death and Disease, (2023); 14(9):587.
Shakhpazyan N, Mikhaleva L, Bedzhanyan A, Gioeva Z, Sadykhov N, Mikhalev A, et al. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of the Tumor Stroma in Colorectal Cancer: Insights into Disease Progression and Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines, (2023); 11(9):2361.
Jiang Q, Huang K, Lu F, Deng S, Yang Z, Hu SJGT, et al. Modifying strategies for SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction during mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, (2022): 70 (1): 1-10.
Sadri F, Rezaei Z, Fereidouni MJMbr. The significance of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway in the normal development. Molecular Biology Reports, (2022); 49(4):3307-20.
Krasteva N, Georgieva MJP. Promising therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer treatment based on nanomaterials. Pharmaceutics, (2022); 14(6):1213.
Pan Q, Fan X, Xie L, Wu D, Liu R, Gao W, et al. Nano-enabled colorectal cancer therapy. Journal of Controlled Release, (2023); 362:548-64.
Lone SN, Nisar S, Masoodi T, Singh M, Rizwan A, Hashem S, et al. Liquid biopsy: A step closer to transform diagnosis, prognosis and future of cancer treatments. Molecular Cancer, (2022); 21(1):79.
Heidrich I, Deitert B, Werner S, Pantel KJC, Reviews M. Liquid biopsy for monitoring of tumor dormancy and early detection of disease recurrence in solid tumors. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, (2023); 42(1):161-82.
Sánchez-Herrero E, Serna-Blasco R, Robado de Lope L, González-Rumayor V, Romero A, Provencio MJFiO. Circulating tumor DNA as a Cancer biomarker: an overview of biological features and factors that may impact on ctDNA analysis. Frontiers in Oncology, (2022); 12:943253.
Mojtaba Mousavi S, Alireza Hashemi S, Yari Kalashgrani M, Rahmanian V, Riazi M, Omidifar N, et al. Recent Progress in Prompt Molecular Detection of Exosomes Using CRISPR/Cas and Microfluidic‐Assisted Approaches Toward Smart Cancer Diagnosis and Analysis. ChemMedChem, (2024); 19(1):e202300359.
Shi J, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Liu Y, Yang MJD. Recent advances in droplet‐based microfluidics in liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis. Droplet, (2024); 3(1):e92.
Li K, Wu JJTTiAC. Recent advances in microfluidic platforms for single particle analysis. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, (2023):117139.
Yin Q, Poudel N, Liu ZJTO. Metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression. Translational Oncology, (2023); 28.
Nong S, Han X, Xiang Y, Qian Y, Wei Y, Zhang T, et al. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutics. MedComm, (2023); 4(2):e218.
Zhong X, He X, Wang Y, Hu Z, Huang H, Zhao S, et al. Warburg effect in colorectal cancer: The emerging roles in tumor microenvironment and therapeutic implications. Journal of Hematology & Oncology, (2022); 15(1):160.
Chu Y-D, Cheng L-C, Lim S-N, Lai M-W, Yeh C-T, Lin W-RJCD, et al. Aldolase B-driven lactagenesis and CEACAM6 activation promote cell renewal and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer through the Warburg effect. Cell Death and Disease (2023); 14(10):660.
Coleman O, Ecker M, Haller DJCOiG. Dysregulated lipid metabolism in colorectal cancer. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, 2022; 38(2):162-7.
Krauß D, Fari O, Sibilia MJM. Lipid Metabolism Interplay in CRC-An Update. Metabolite, (2022); 12(3):213.
Dai W, Mo W, Xu W, Han D, Xu XJA. Systematic analysis of glutamine metabolism family genes and exploration of the biological role of GPT in colorectal cancer. Aging, (2023); 15(21):11811.
Peng X, Zheng T, Guo Y, Zhu YJFiMB. Amino acid metabolism genes associated with immunotherapy responses and clinical prognosis of colorectal cancer. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, (2022); 9:955705.
Ullah I, Yang L, Yin F-T, Sun Y, Li X-H, Li J, et al. Multi-omics approaches in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis, recent updates and future perspectives. Cancers, (2022); 14(22):5545.
Pal S, Sharma A, Mathew SP, Jaganathan BGJFiI. Targeting cancer-specific metabolic pathways for developing novel cancer therapeutics. Frontiers in Immunology, (2022); 13:955476.
Qiu H, Ding S, Liu J, Wang L, Wang XJCO. Applications of artificial intelligence in screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Current Oncology, (2022); 29(3):1773-95.
Waljee AK, Weinheimer-Haus EM, Abubakar A, Ngugi AK, Siwo GH, Kwakye G, et al. Artificial intelligence and machine learning for early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. Gut, (2022); 71(7):1259-65.
Agarwal S, Yadav AS, Dinesh V, Vatsav KSS, Prakash KSS, Jaiswal SJMTP. By artificial intelligence algorithms and machine learning models to diagnosis cancer. Materials Today Proceedings, (2023); 80:2969-75.
Wei L, Niraula D, Gates ED, Fu J, Luo Y, Nyflot MJ, et al. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in precision oncology: a review on enhancing discoverability through multiomics integration. The British Journal of Radiology, (2023); 96(1150):20230211.
Volovat S-R, Augustin I, Zob D, Boboc D, Amurariti F, Volovat C, et al. Use of Personalized Biomarkers in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and the Impact of AI. Cancers, (2022); 14(19):4834.
Hossain MS, Rahman MM, Syeed MM, Uddin MF, Hasan M, Hossain MA, et al. Deeppoly: deep learning based polyps segmentation and classification for autonomous colonoscopy examination. IEEE Acces, (2023).
Tippur AJDP. AI-Powered Precision Oncology: Computational Insights Redefining Therapeutic Landscapes. DHR Proceeding, (2023); 3(S1):1-10.
Cripe LD, Vater LB, Lilly JA, Larimer A, Hoffmann ML, Frankel RMJPE, et al. Goals of care communication and higher-value care for patients with advanced-stage cancer: A systematic review of the evidence. Patient Education and Counseling, (2022); 105(5):1138-51.
Husebø ALM, Søreide JA, Kørner H, Storm M, Wathne HB, Richardson A, et al. eHealth interventions to support colorectal cancer patients’ self-management after discharge from surgery-an integrative literature review. Supportive Care in Cancer, (2024); 32(1):11.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62940/als.v11i4.3335
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.