Public awareness of the coronary artery disease and its risk factors in the population of Hail region, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

S.M.A. Shahid, Tarig A.N Ginawi, Mohd Adnan Kausara, Mohammad Kuddus, Fahaad S.H. Alenazi, Ahmed Hameed Alreshidi, Jaser Sultan Alshamari, Dhari Abdulkarim Alquwaiay, Wael Saleh Alanazi, Abdulaziz Muflih Alghaithi, Rian Mohamed Bnyan Al Amri, Saleh Ali Saleh Alsanea, Mohammed Rubayyi Alruwaytie, Khalil Ibrahim Alanazi, Hussam Salem Alshammari, Mohd Saeed

Abstract


Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a severe cardiovascular complication prevalent in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The risk factors of this disease are so high that it became one of the major causes of mortality among middle-aged individuals. This study aimed to investigate the degree of awareness about risk factors for CAD among the Hail region population.  

Methods: The study was carried out in the Hail region, Saudi Arabia, from April 2020 to May 2020. Data collected from five hundred and thirty-seven participants participated through an online survey. The process of selection of participants was through volunteer testing and an online review poll that was disseminated to them to complete. No limitations on age or sex were applied to the surveys.

Results: Awareness of TV watching (88.5%), smoking (87.9%), lack of physical activities (78.4%) and family history of CAD (74.7%) as the leading cause of CAD has a notable higher percentage among the studied population whereas the family history of diabetes mellitus (51.6%), having diabetes mellitus (57.7%), family history of hypertension (65.7%) and family history of hyperlipidemia (69.1%) have the lowest percentages. Regarding the gender, the male participants have the poorest awareness degrees about risk factors for the CAD.

Conclusion: The study revealed that the family history of hyperlipidemia, Family history of DM, having DM and family history of hypertension have the poorest degrees of awareness of the risk factors for CAD among the studied population.

Keywords: Coronary artery disease; Risk factors; Awareness; Hail region


Full Text:

PDF

References


Al-Dosari ZF, Aldawsari AM, Almehyni AA, Alburayk AK, Hotan ASB, et al. Knowledge of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors and coronary intervention among university students in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries. (2019); 3(6): 526-531.

Nabi R, Alvi SS, Saeed M, Ahmad S, Khan MS. Glycation and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Implication in Diabetes and Associated Complications. Current Diabetes Reviews, (2019); 15(3): 213-223.

Sanchis-Gomar F, Perez-Quilis C, Leischik R, Lucia A. Epidemiology of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome. Annals of Translational Medicine, (2016); 4(13): 256.

Centers for Disease C, Prevention. Prevalence of coronary heart disease–United States, 2006-2010. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, (2011); 60(40): 1377-1381.

Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics–2015 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation, (2015); 131(4): e29-322.

Berry JD, Dyer A, Cai X, Garside DB, Ning H, et al. Lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, (2012); 366(4): 321-329.

Ahmad S, Siddiqui Z, Rehman S, Khan MY, Khan H, et al. A Glycation Angle to Look into the Diabetic Vasculopathy: Cause and Cure. Current Vascular Pharmacology, (2017); 15(4): 352-364.

Al-Nozha MM, Arafah MR, Al-Mazrou YY, Al-Maatouq MA, Khan NB, et al. Coronary artery disease in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal, (2004); 25(9): 1165-1171.

Sorrentino MJ. Cholesterol reduction to prevent CAD. What do the data show? Postgraduate Medical Journal, (2000); 108(7): 40-42, 45-46, 49-52.

Hajar R. Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease: Historical Perspectives. Heart Views, (2017); 18(3): 109-114.

Members: ATF, Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, et al. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012) The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). European heart journal, (2012); 33(13): 1635-1701.

Traina MI, Almahmeed W, Edris A, Murat Tuzcu E. Coronary Heart Disease in the Middle East and North Africa: Current Status and Future Goals. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, (2017); 19(5): 24.

Ahmed AM, Hersi A, Mashhoud W, Arafah MR, Abreu PC, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors burden in Saudi Arabia: The Africa Middle East Cardiovascular Epidemiological (ACE) study. Journal of the Saudi Heart Association, (2017); 29(4): 235-243.

Jones CL, Jensen JD, Scherr CL, Brown NR, Christy K, et al. The Health Belief Model as an explanatory framework in communication research: exploring parallel, serial, and moderated mediation. Health Communication, (2015); 30(6): 566-576.

Folsom AR, Yatsuya H, Nettleton JA, Lutsey PL, Cushman M, et al. Community prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health, by the American Heart Association definition, and relationship with cardiovascular disease incidence. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, (2011); 57(16): 1690-1696.

Stampfer MJ, Hu FB, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Willett WC. Primary prevention of coronary heart disease in women through diet and lifestyle. The New England Journal of Medicine, (2000); 343(1): 16-22.

Lloyd-Jones DM, Hong Y, Labarthe D, Mozaffarian D, Appel LJ, et al. Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: the American Heart Association's strategic Impact Goal through 2020 and beyond. Circulation, (2010); 121(4): 586-613.

Liu K, Cedres LB, Stamler J, Dyer A, Stamler R, et al. Relationship of education to major risk factors and death from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular diseases and all causes, Findings of three Chicago epidemiologic studies. Circulation, (1982); 66(6): 1308-1314.

Pocock SJ, Shaper AG, Cook DG, Phillips AN, Walker M. Social class differences in ischaemic heart disease in British men. Lancet, (1987); 2(8552): 197-201.

Mosca L, Ferris A, Fabunmi R, Robertson RM, American Heart A. Tracking women's awareness of heart disease: an American Heart Association national study. Circulation, (2004); 109(5): 573-579.

Nsour M, Mahfoud Z, Kanaan MN, Balbeissi A. Prevalence and predictors of nonfatal myocardial infarction in Jordan. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, (2008); 14(4): 818-830.

Zeidan RK, Farah R, Chahine MN, Asmar R, Hosseini H, et al. Prevalence and correlates of coronary heart disease: first population-based study in Lebanon. Vascular Health and Risk Management, (2016); 1275-84.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.