Combination of zinc nanoparticles with chitosan scaffolds increased cytokine genes on wound healing of infected rats with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Mohammad Kazem Shahmoradi, Mehrdad Amini Nogorani, Fatemeh Mansouri, Leila Zarei

Abstract


Background: The present study aims to determine the effect of zinc nanoparticles with chitosan in the expression of cytokine genes on wound healing of infected rats with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Methods: In this study, all male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. Group M1: 0.1 mL sterile saline 0.9% solution was added to the wounds with no infection. Group M2: the wounds were infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and only treated with 0.1 mL the sterile saline 0.9% solution. Group M3: animals with infected wounds were treated with zinc nanoparticle. Group M4: animals with infected wounds were treated with chitosan. Group M5: animals with infected wounds were treated with 0.1 mL solution of zinc nanoparticles with chitosan. Skin biopsy samples were removed for the histological studies and quantitative assessment of IL-6, VEGF, TNF and TGF genes using real-time PCR in each groups.

Results: Quantitative histological and neovascularization studies showed that there was significant difference between rats in groupM5 compared to other groups. The infected groupM5 exhibited a significant increase in the expression levels of VEGF: 8.02, TNF: 5.34, TGF: 7.98, and decrease of IL-6:-3.34 folds as compared to the other groups on the 21st day (P<0.05). Also, on the same day was seen the minimum surface area of wound in group 5. The surface area between each study group and other groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).

Conclusion: Our studies also show that the type of zinc nanoparticles with chitosan scaffolds have more effects than other types of compounds in wound healing.

Keywords: Nanozinc; chitosan; wound; meticillin-resistant infection; Inflammatory cytokine  


Full Text:

PDF

References


Srinivas Reddy B, Kiran Kumar Reddy R, Naidu VG, Madhusudhana K, Agwane SB, Ramakrishna S, et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and wound-healing potentials of Holoptelea integrifolia. JEthnopharmacol, (2008);115(2):249-56.

Khan HA, Ahmad A, Mehboob R. Nosocomial infections and their control strategies. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, (2015);5(7):509-14.

Calfee DP. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and other Gram-positives in healthcare. Curr Opin Infect Dis( 2012);25(4):385-94.

Gould IM, David MZ, Esposito S, Garau J, Lina G, Mazzei T, et al. New insights into meticillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) pathogenesis, treatment and resistance. Int J Antimicrob Agents,( 2012);39(2):96-104.

5 Klevens RM, Morrison MA, NadlJ, Petit S, Gershman K, Ray S, et al. Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United States. JAMA. (2007);298(15):1763-71

Fischbach MA, Walsh CT. Antibiotics for emerging pathogens. Science. (2009);325(5944):1089-93.

Braine T. Race against time to develop new antibiotics. Bull World Health Organ. (2011);89(2):88-9.

Donohue, J.M., et al., Zinc Chloride Health Advisory. 1992, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF WATER.

Roopan, S.M., et al., Biosynthetic trends and future aspects of bimetallic nanoparticles and its medicinal applications. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, (2014); 98(12): p. 5289-5300.

Oyarzun-Ampuero F, Vidal A, Concha M, Morales J, Orellana S, Moreno-Villoslada I. Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Wounds. Curr Pharm Des, (2015);21(29): 4329-4341.

Jayasuriya AC, Aryeai A, Jayatissa AH. ZnO nano-particles induced effects on nanomechanical behavior and cell viability of chitosan films. Mater Sci Eng: C. (2013); 33(7)3996-3688:

12.Saper RB, Rash R. Zinc: An essential micronutrient. Am Fam Physician, (2009); 79(9): 768-772.

Kumar PT, Lakshmanan VK, Anilkumar TV, et al. Flexible and microporous chitosan hydrogel/nano ZnO composite bandages for wound dressing: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, (2012);4(5): 2618-2629

Abbaszadeh, A., et al., Effects of Chitosan/Nano Selenium Biofilm on Infected Wound Healing in Rats; An Experimental Study. Bulletin of Emergency & Trauma, (2019); 7(3): p. 284

Lakshmi SJ, RS RB, Sharanagouda H, Ramachandra CT, Nadagouda S, Nidoni U. Effect of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles coating on quality parameters of fig (Ficus carica L.) fruit. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, (2018);7(3):10-4.

Golbui Daghdari, S., et al., The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on bacterial load of experimental infectious wounds contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus in mice. Nanomedicine Journal, (2017); 4(4): p. 232-236.

Jain, P.K., et al., Noble metals on the nanoscale: optical and photothermal properties and some applications in imaging, sensing, biology, and medicine. Accounts of chemical research, (2008); 41(12): 1578-1586

Miller, C., et al., Gaseous nitric oxide bactericidal activity retained during intermittent high-dose short duration exposure. Nitric oxide, (2009); 20(1):16-23.

Bano, I., et al., Chitosan: A potential biopolymer for wound management. International journal of biological macromolecules, (2017); 102: 380-383.

Mirastschijski, U., et al., Zinc, copper, and selenium tissue levels and their relation to subcutaneous abscess, minor surgery, and wound healing in humans. Biological trace element research, (2013); 153(1): 76-83.

Uroko R I, Aaron C F, Uche M E, Aguwamba C, Ogwo E U, Nweje-Anyalowu P C et al . Effect of Aju Mbaise on sperm morphology, semen quality, sex hormonal levels, gonadosomatic index and testicular histology of Avodart-induced rats. Plant Biotechnol Persa, (2022); 4 (2) :22-36

AL- Ethawi MB, AL-Taae HH. First record at molecular level for Rhizoctonia solani causing Rot Root on Aleo vera plants in Iraq. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, (2022); 1-11. doi: 10.22124/cjes.2022.5811

Falih BT, Mohammed ST, Mohammed NJ. Effects of the silver nanoparticle synthesis from the leaves of the Capparis spinosa plant on the liver of mice infected with visceral leishmaniasis. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, (2022); 20(4): 785-791.

Bahmani M. A New Method for Promoting Biologic Synthesis and Reducing the Size of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (Tio2 NPs) Synthesized by Origanum Vulgare. Plant Biotechnol Persa, (2019); 1 (1) :10-12

Bozorgpanah Kharat Z, Mohammadi Galangash M, Ghavidast A, Shirzad-Siboni M. Removal of reactive black 5 dye from aqueous solutions by Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES nanoparticles. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, (2018); 16(3): 287-301. doi: 10.22124/cjes.2018.3068

Rahmati M, Shokri S, Ahmadi M, Ahmadi M, Marvi Moghadam N, seyfi S, et al . Comparison of Pesticide Effect of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry and Plant Extracts on Anopheles Stephensi Mosquitoes. Plant Biotechnol Persa, (2022); 4 (1):89-96.

Johari S, Sourinejad I, Asghari S, Bärsch N. Toxicity comparison of silver nanoparticles synthesized by physical and chemical methods to tadpole (Rana ridibunda). Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, (2015); 13(4): 383-390.

Bagherzadeh Lakani F, Meshkini S, Yazdani Sadati M, Falahatkar B. Bioaccumulation of copper nanoparticle in gill, liver, intestine and muscle of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) juvenile. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, (2016); 14(2): 105-115.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.