Phytochemical and Antioxidant Analysis of Ginger (Zingiber officinale‎) Ethanolic Extract

Rasema Majeed, Alaa Kamil Mahmood

Abstract


Background: 

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is famous for its antioxidant activity, and its antioxidant activity can potentially counteract oxidative ‎stress-related diseases. Ginger pungency and odor are a result of it s bioactive compounds, including gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and zingerone. In the present work, a study of the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of ginger and its therapeutic potentials‎ was performed.

Method: Method: Dried rhizomes of ginger were extracted with 70% ethanol for 24 hours, and 18.2% dark brown, paste-like extract was yielded. The extract then was analyzed for bioactives with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was measured with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.

Results: GC-MS analysis revealed that the extract contained high concentrations of fatty acids and their derivatives, comprising 86.43% of its contents. Additionally, aldehydes and alkenes (0.02%) and hydrocarbons (13.58%) were detected. Gallic acid (71.25 ppm), hydroxybenzoic acid (49.25 ppm), ferulic acid (50.11 ppm), ellagic acid (20.25 ppm), and caffeic acid (11.58 ppm) phenolic compounds were confirmed in HPLC analysis. Ginger extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity, as same as activity observed with vitamin C, with an IC50 value of 65.11 µg/mL in the DPPH assay.

Conclusion: The current study confirms that the ethanolic extract of ginger possesses a high level of antioxidants, with a potential for numerous therapeutic uses.

Keywords: Zingiber officinale; Ethanolic extract; Phytochemicals; Antioxidant; Therapeutic potential


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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62940/als.v12i2.2593

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